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Bombing of the Vatican
Bombing of Vatican City occurred twice during World War II. The first occasion was on the evening of 5 November 1943, when a plane dropped bombs on the area south-west of Saint Peter's Basilica. The second bombing, which affected only the outer margin of the city, was at about the same hour on 1 March 1944.〔(Raffaele Alessandrini, "Bombe in Vaticano" in ''L'Osservatore Romano'', 10–11 January 2011 )〕
== Circumstances ==
Vatican City State was neutral throughout the war. Both Allied and Axis aircraft crews were generally commanded to respect its neutrality even when bombing Rome.
On 25 July 1943, after Allied forces had conquered the Italian possessions in Africa and had taken Sicily, the Fascist Grand Council removed Benito Mussolini from power. The Kingdom of Italy at first remained an ally of Nazi Germany, but in less than two months secured an armistice with the Allies, signed on 3 September and announced on 8 September. Germany, which had discovered what was afoot, quickly intervened and took military control of most of Italy, including Rome, freed Mussolini and brought him to the German-occupied area to establish a puppet regime known as the Italian Social Republic.
Both bombings occurred while Rome was under German occupation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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